Interaction between host microRNAs and the gut microbiota in colorectal cancer. Yuan C., Burns M.B., Subramanian S., Blekhman R. Colorectal cancer mutational profiles correlate with defined microbial communities in the tumor microenvironment. doi: 10.1038/nature06244.īurns M.B., Montassier E., Abrahante J., Priya S., Niccum D.E., Khoruts A., Starr T.K., Knights D., Blekhman R. Turnbaugh P.J., Ley R.E., Hamady M., Fraser-Liggett C.M., Knight R., Gordon J.I. Such interactions will finally create a favorable microenvironment for tumor cells that include angiogenesis, immune evasion, and microbiota composition ( 5). The tumor-derived miRNAs also have a role in regulating stromal and tumor infiltrating immune cells by affecting gene expression through miRNAs delivered in EVs ( 4). The tumor-miRNAs alter the microbiota composition by affecting the gene expression of the microbiota and by delivering cancer-secreted metabolites ( 3). In turn, tumor cells affect the microbiota composition of the stromal and tumor infiltrating immune cells through shedding of epithelial cells and/or secreting extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing miRNAs ( 2). Microbial-metabolites and other secreted factors affect miRNA/gene expression profiles in cells present in the tumor microenvironment. Microbiota composition has a functional effect on the cancer cells, via stromal and tumor infiltrating immune cells by regulating various cellular process ( 1). Host–microRNA–microbiota interactions in colorectal cancer. In this review article, we present our current understanding of the role of miRNAs in mediating host-microbiota interactions in CRC.Ĭolorectal cancer gut microbiota metabolic interactions microRNAs. Considering all the evidence to date, we postulate that the altered nutrient composition and miRNA expression in the CRC microenvironment selectively exerts pressure on the surrounding microbiota, leading to alterations in its composition. Our previous CRC studies showed a high-level of interconnectedness between host miRNAs and their microbiota.
Recent studies suggest that host intestinal miRNAs can also affect the growth and composition of the gut microbiota. We know that tumor cells undergo a drastic change in energy metabolism, mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs), and that tumor-derived miRNAs affect the stromal and immune cell fractions of the tumor microenvironment. Yet, it is not entirely clear how the gut microbiota interacts with tumor cells. Changes in gut microbiota composition have consistently been observed in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).
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